Who’s win on the 2023 Nobel Prize Winners List? Uncover Who Dominates the Answers May Surprise You 2023 Nobel Prize.
The Nobel Prizes in the fields of Physiology or Medicine, Physics, and Chemistry for the year 2023 have been announced by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
Table of Contents
Nobel Prize 2023 Winners List
| Nobel Prize Category | Nobel Prize Laureates |
| Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine [ 3 oct ] | Katalin Kariko (Hungary) and Drew Weissman (USA) For their research that enabled the development mRNA vaccines against COVID-19. |
| Nobel Prize in Physics [4 oct] | Pierre Agostini (USA), Ferenc Krausz (Germany) and Anne L’Huillier (Sweden). experimental methods that generate atto-second pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter |
| Nobel Prize in Chemistry [5 oct] | Moungi G. Bawendi (USA), Louis E. Brus (USA) and Alexei I. Ekimov (Russia). discovery and synthesis of quantum dots. |
| Nobel Prize in Peace [ 7 oct] | Narges Mohammadi [ Iranian] activists Rights of women’s |
| Nobel Prize in literature [6 oct] | Jon Fosse writer [Norway] Book Septology a semi auto bigraphical magnum |
ABOUT THE NOBEL PRIZES
The Nobel Prize is not a single prize but five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel’s 1895 will, are awarded to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind.
Alfred Nobel was born on 21 October 1833 in Stockholm, Sweden, into a family of engineers. He was a chemist, engineer and inventor who amassed a fortune during his lifetime, most of it from his 355 inventions, of which dynamite is the most famous. The will of the Swedish scientist Alfred Nobel established the five Nobel prizes in 1895.
Nobel Prizes are awarded in the fields of five separate prizes.
1. Physics
2. Chemistry
3. Physiology or Medicine
4. Literature
5. Peace.
The Nobel Prize is presented annually on the anniversary of Alfred Nobel’s death, 10 December.
As of 2022, 114 Nobel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine.
Right now awarded have been to 226 laureates, 214 men and 12 women.
The first one was awarded in 1901 to the German physiologist, Emil von Behring, for his work on serum therapy and the development of a vaccine against diphtheria.
The first woman to receive the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Gerty Cori, received it in 1947 for her role in elucidating the metabolism of glucose.
A Committee of five persons to be elected by the Norwegian Parliament (Storting) for the Nobel Peace Prize.
Along with the Nobel Prize, each laureate receives a gold medal, a diploma, and a monetary award, which is currently set at approx. 10 million [900000 USD] per full Nobel Prize.
Nobel Prize 2023 Winners List Detail
1) 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman for their discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications that enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines against COVID-19.
Dr. Katalin Karikó
professor at szeged university, hungary adjunct professor at perelmam school of medicine university of Pennsylvania only the 13th woman to win prize.
Dr. Drew Weissman
Roberta family professor in vaccine research and director odd the penn institute for RNA innovation.
Dr. Katalin Karikó and Dr. Drew Weissman published two more studies mRNA new kind of vaccine,
in 2020, when covid-19. mRNA vaccines were reducing the death, and power to regain immune system.
Dr. Katalin Karikó and Dr. Drew Weissman both collaborate in the 1990, and other scientists studies Body to immune system responding.
What is RNA
RNA is made up of smaller molecules called bases. RNA modified some of these based in synthetic to cells mRNA. Also Currently scientists are exploring their use mRNA against influenza, dengue, and some cancers and autoimmune diseases. vaccines against TB, dengue , foot and mouth disease, nipah , zika etc.
What is mRNA Vaccines
mRNA messenger Ribonucleic acid two vaccines Pfizer and moderna used particular technology.
mRNA vaccines proved to be a game-changer, allowing for quicker and more targeted vaccine development.
SARA-coV-2 on injected to body regain immune system.
Research publish in 2005, further developments in 2008 and 2010. That time not response immune system of body but day by new development.
mRNA stands for messenger RNA. It is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it is translated into proteins. mRNA is made from a DNA template during the process of transcription
mRNA vaccines work by synthetic mRNA molecule to the body.
mRNA molecule contains the genetic code for a specific protein from the virus or pathogen.
inside the body mRNA molecule is taken up by cells and translated into the protein.
protein produced by the mRNA vaccine is then recognized by the immune system as foreign.
immune system then mounts a response against the protein, producing antibodies and T-cells.
Antibodies and T-cells can then protect the body from infection by the virus or pathogen.
mRNA vaccines are faster and easier to produce.
2) 2023 Nobel Prize in Physics
The first Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen in recognition of the extra-ordinary services he rendered by the discovery of X-rays.
This award is administered by the Nobel Foundation and is widely regarded as the most prestigious award that a scientist can receive in physics.
Wilhelm Rontgen 1845-1923 the first recipient of the Nobel prize in physics.
Three Nobel laureates in physics L-R
1. Albert A. Michelson [1907 laureate]
2. Albert Einstein [1921 laureate]
3. Robert A. Millikan [1923 laureate]
2023 Nobel Prize Pierre Agostini , Ferenc Krausz , and Anne L’Huillier for their experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter. found explained and refined the principles producing attosecond light pilses.
1. Dr. Pierre Agostin the ohlo state university Columbus USA.
2. Dr. Ferenc Krausz max planck institute, Ludwig max imllians ,univers munchen.
3. Dr. Anne L’Huillier lund university sweden
What is Attosecond physics
Electrons in matter move very fast, interaction on the order of a few hundred attoseconds.
produced a series of pulses using these principles each of 250 attomsecond duration.
Attosecond physics provides scientists with the ability to look at the minutest particles at the shortest time. Attosecond is one-billionth odd nano-second.
The Nobel laureates developed experiments to produce ultrafast laser pulses which used to understand the world really minute scale with application across chemistry, biology and physics.
Attosecond pulses of light are extremely short pulses of light that last for only a few attoseconds.
An attosecond is one quintillionth of a second, or 0.000000000000000001 seconds. This is so short that trillions of attoseconds can pass in the time it takes a single blink of an eye. These are created using a variety of techniques, including high-harmonic generation and laserinduced electron rescattering.
Attosecond used
They are extremely bright and can be focused to very small spots. also have a wide range of frequencies, which makes them useful for a variety of applications The used to study the ultrafast dynamics of electrons in atoms and molecules. also used to develop new materials and devices, such as ultrafast sensors and laserdriven plasma accelerators.
3) 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
The first Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded in 1901 to Jacobus Henricus van’t Hoff, of the Netherlands,for his discovery of the laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure in solutions.
From 1901 to 2022, the award has been bestowed on a total of 192 individuals
2023 Nobel Prize Moungi G. Bawendi, Louis E. Brus and Alexei I. Ekimov have been awarded.
For the Nobel prize in chemistry for their work on New-age LED Screen to quantum computers [quantum dots] , fundamental discovery in nanotechnology.
1. Moungi G. Bawendi Massachusetts institute of technology, united states.
2. Louis E. Brus Columbia university, united states
3. Alexei I. Ekimov nanocrystals technology Inc ,united states
What is Quantum Dots & used
Quantum dots are valuable for high-speed photonics-based computing.Quantum Dots sensors detect pathogens in food or water and monitor environmental pollutants. enhance sensitivity in fluorescence imaging, MRI, and CT scans.
Quantum dots are tiny semiconducting nanoparticles, typically between 2 and 10 nanometers in diameter. unique optical and electronic properties that arise from their small size and quantum confinement effects.
Quantum Dots illuminated with light, an electron Quantum Dots can be excited from the valence band to the conduction band. process is known as exciton formation. Exciton can then relax and emit a photon of light.
The color of the emitted light depends on the size of the Quantum Dots with smaller emitting shorter wavelength (blue) light and larger Quantum Dots emitting longer wavelength (red) light. Cancer Treatments are used for targeted cancer treatment through fluorescence imaging and drug delivery. High definition and colorful displays in QLED TVs by emitting a wide range of colors. improve the efficiency of solar cells.
4 ] Nobel Prize in Peace
The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in 1901. The Peace Prize for that year was shared between the Frenchman Frédéric Passy and the Swiss Jean Henry Dunant.
Nobel Prize in Peace 2023 Ms. Narges Mohammadi age 51 year recognition rights of women’s and against the death penalty.
National wide women protests this prize is first and foremost recognition very important work of whole movement in iran undisputed.
Ms. Mohsmmadi is 19th woman to win the noble peace prize and the second Iranian women after human rights activist 1st woman Ms. Shirin Ebadi won the award in 2003
5 ] Nobel Prize in Literature
In 1901 French poet and essayist sully Prudhomme [1839 -1907] the first person to be award the Nobel prize in literature . In special recognition of his composition which gives evidence of lofty idealism artistic perfection of qualities of both heart and intellect.
Nobel Prize in Literature 2023 Jon Fosse Norway age 64 year . Book Septology a semi auto bigraphical magnum, seven parts his latest work runs to 1250 pages without a single full stop.
This book shortlisted for the 2022 in international bookers prize
read about father of green revolution India link
